Reimagining Social Justice through Islamic Ethical Leadership in Global Governance

Abstract

This paper explains the idea of social justice from the viewpoint of Islamic ethical leadership and studies how these values can reshape global governance. The present world system has made some progress in areas like human rights, international law, and development institutions. But serious issues still exist, such as poverty, economic inequality, political instability, environmental problems, and violations of human dignity. A major reason for these challenges is the lack of true ethical leadership, which makes the current system weak and ineffective. By using the guidance of the Qur’an, the Sunnah, and the opinions of classical Islamic scholars, the research shows that the Islamic concept of justice is not only about law or economy. It is a complete framework that balances rights and responsibilities, and it is rooted in the higher objectives of Shariah (Maqasid al-Shariah). The paper also compares these ideas with the theories of Western thinkers like John Rawls and Amartya Sen, to highlight both similarities and differences. In addition, the study looks at the views of Pakistani and international scholars, along with policy papers of institutions like the United Nations and the World Bank. It shows that Islamic ethical leadership can offer a practical alternative, based on principles such as accountability, collective welfare, and moral responsibility. Examples from the Muslim world are used to explain the opportunities and challenges in applying these principles at the global level. Finally, the paper gives suggestions for policymakers, religious scholars, and world leaders to rebuild global justice on stronger and more ethical foundations.